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The Marine Sailfin Silverside (Kalyptatherina helodes) are the only member of the genus Kalyptatherina. These brackish fish can be found in mangrove swamps and the lakes and river systems of Sulawesi. They should be kept at pH range of 7.8-8.2 with a marine salt concentration of 10-15ppt.
The Blue Mudskipper (Periophthalmodon septemradiatus) is a fascinating member of the family Gobiidae which like all mudskippers are specially adapted for life outside of the water. Found throughout the coastal Indo-Pacific, this species inhabits tidal mud flats, often in large groups with a defined social hierarchy. In the wild, they are adept predators that use their modified pectoral fins to hop across land and climb trees to catch insects and small crustaceans but in the aquarium will accept most frozen and freeze dried foods. An ideal aquarium setup for this species would include relatively shallow water with plenty of driftwood or other structure emerging above the waters surface giving them space to climb and form territories. Being a primarily coastal species, they will do best in moderate to strong brackish water (salinity of 10-20ppt) and should be kept in groups.
The Golden Goby (Mugilogobius rexi) or Golden Malili Goby is an uncommon species to find in the trade. These freshwater gobies are native to Sulawesi and known to occur in only two lakes there (Towuti and Mahalona). They are generally peaceful towards tankmates, but can become territorial with other gobies, especially other males and are best kept in male/female pairs. Since these gobies only grow up to 2 inches long, they are a versatile and unique addition to a freshwater aquarium.
An unusual, large growing catfish found in the freshwater rivers of Borneo and Sumatra, the Dinema Catfish (Belodontichthys dinema) or Blue Neon Sheathfish is an active open water species, typically found in rivers with moderate to strong flow where it feeds on other fish. They will need to be fed feeder fish to get established in the aquarium, but can eventually be weaned onto frozen and prepared foods. In an appropriately large aquarium, they are an impressive, showy fish which will rarely bother tankmates too large to be eaten and prefer at least moderate water movement.
An unusual, large growing catfish found in most larger bodies of freshwater in Southeast Asia, the Apogon Catfish (Phalacronotus apogon) or Apogon Sheathfish is an active open water species, typically found in rivers with moderate to strong flow and undertakes large migrations in the wild influenced by the region’s annual flooding pattern. A predator, they are something of a generalist feeder and will typically accept frozen and prepared foods. In an appropriately large aquarium, they are an impressive, showy fish which will rarely bother tankmates too large to be eaten and prefer at least moderate water movement.
Colorful, active, and schooling, the Lake Inle Danio (Inlecypris auropurpurea) can be an entertaining fish for the aquarium. It feeds on insects and larvae in the wild and is native only to Lake Inle of Myanmar. They are un-fussy eaters in captivity, but the finest color development will come from a diet containing bloodworms. They make great dither fish with gouramis, angels, and other medium sized fish and should be kept in a group of 8 or more.
The Zebra Danio is one of the aquarium hobby’s classic fish, having been kept and bred in aquaria for over a century. Originating in a wide range of habitats in West Bengal, India, and surrounding areas, they are extremely hardy and adaptable which has led to their popularity in the hobby. Although the original wild fish display an attractive striped pattern, they have been developed into a wide range of strains by way of selective breeding, including the popular longfin variant. In the aquarium, they will do well in nearly any community tank, but prefer plenty of open swimming space and are an active schooler, most comfortable in groups of 5 or more.
Also known as the Malabar Danio, the Giant Danio (Devario malabaricus) is native to various freshwaters across Southeast Asia. The hardy Giant Danio grows up to 4 inches long with an peaceful and active personality. Between these traits and their iridescent blue, green, and silver coloration, they are sure to add splash of excitement to your community tank. They are great as dither fish, meaning that their confident and fast-moving nature can help to reduce aggression and timidity in a community tank.
A striking color morph of the white cloud mountain minnow, the Gold White Cloud (Tanichthys albonubes) is a small, hardy fish native to the streams of the Chinese mountains. These fish are highly adaptable and will thrive in both tropical and temperate freshwater setups. Gold White Clouds are schooling fish and will do best in groups of 5 or more.
The Indo Datnoid or Indo Tigerfish (IT) is found throughout Peninsular Malaysia and the Indonesian islands of Sumatra, Borneo, and likely parts of East Java as well. In the wild, they inhabit a variety of habitat types but are typically found in warm, slow moving stretches of rivers or lakes in areas close to overhanging vegetation. An ambush predator, they tend to hang motionless in the water awaiting smaller fish or invertebrates to swim by, using quick reflexes and a huge protrusible jaw to literally inhale prey items. In the aquarium, they require well-oxygenated water and are sensitive to water quality, so regular water changes are important to keep them thriving. Tankmates should be chosen carefully as they can eat surprisingly large fish and other more aggressive or very active fish will likely stress them out and potentially cause their distinct pattern of bars to fade.
A beautifully patterned relative of the classic Zebra Danio, the Kyathit or Orange Fin Danio (Brachydanio kyathit) originates in shallow water habitat throughout Northern and Central Myanmar. In the wild, they are found in medium to large schools in clear, fast moving water, typically near aquatic vegetation. In the aquarium, they are hardy and adaptable but prefer plenty of open swimming space and are an active schooler, most comfortable in groups of 5 or more. With their intricate patterns and vivid orange/gold trim, the Kyathit Danio is an impressive centerpiece for a planted or aquascaped tank.
A rarely seen dwarf cyprinid or carplet found in Southwestern India and parts of Sri Lanka, this colorful active schooling fish inhabits shallow, slow moving waters, usually close to aquatic vegetation in its native range. In the aquarium, they will do best in a well planted or heavily aquascaped tank with ample cover and subdued lighting. Like most of their relatives, they prefer to be kept in schools of at least 5 (10 being ideal) and a well established group will make for an impressive display in any nano aquarium. With a maximum size of just over 1″, tankmates should be similarly sized and equally peaceful. An excellent species for a shrimp or invert aquarium.
The Indo Datnoid or Indo Tigerfish (IT) is found throughout Peninsular Malaysia and the Indonesian islands of Sumatra, Borneo, and likely parts of East Java as well. In the wild, they inhabit a variety of habitat types but are typically found in warm, slow moving stretches of rivers or lakes in areas close to overhanging vegetation. An ambush predator, they tend to hang motionless in the water awaiting smaller fish or invertebrates to swim by, using quick reflexes and a huge protrusible jaw to literally inhale prey items. Specimens from Sumatra are especially colorful and well-marked, with the 4 bar variant found in the region among the more sought after varieties of Indo Datnoid in the trade. In the aquarium, they require well-oxygenated water and are sensitive to water quality, so regular water changes are important to keep them thriving. Tankmates should be chosen carefully as they can eat surprisingly large fish and other more aggressive or very active fish will likely stress them out and potentially cause their distinct pattern of bars to fade.
An ideal fish for nano aquariums, the Phoenix Rasbora or Red Micro Rasbora inhabits warm, acidic, shallow waters throughout the island of Borneo. With their vibrant coloration and peaceful, active nature, they are extremely popular in the hobby and a favorite with planted tank hobbyists. Typically found in true blackwater swamps and creeks, this dwarf rasbora will do best and display optimal color and behavior when provided with an environment similar to their wild habitat, and will benefit from the addition of some tannins from Catappa Leaves or similar botanicals. This species is very similar to its close relative the Chili or Mosquito Rasbora but can be distinguished by less uniform red coloration and a broken (vs. continuous) horizontal black stripe extending across the body. In the aquarium, they are hardy and will generally thrive under a wide range of conditions but will exhibit their best color if kept in warm, slightly soft water and in groups of at least 10. With their small adult size, larger or fast moving tankmates should be avoided but they will thrive with most small peaceful fish and invertebrates.
The Giant Mudskipper (Periophthalmodon schlosseri) is a fascinating member of the family Gobiidae which like all mudskippers are specially adapted for life outside of the water. This species which is the largest of the mudskippers is found throughout the coastal Indo-Pacific, this species inhabits tidal mud flats, often in large groups with a defined social hierarchy. In the wild, they are adept predators that use their modified pectoral fins to hop across land and climb trees to catch insects and small crustaceans but in the aquarium will accept most frozen and freeze dried foods. An ideal aquarium setup for this species would include relatively shallow water with plenty of driftwood or other structure emerging above the waters surface giving them space to climb and form territories. Being a primarily coastal species, they will do best in moderate to strong brackish water (salinity of 10-20ppt).
The Indonesian Leaf Fish (Pristolepis grootii) is a cryptic and rarely seen member of the Nandid family native to the soft water streams and rivers of Indonesia. Their body shape, coloration, and behavior allow them to mimic dead leaves and get close to unsuspecting prey items like small fish. In the aquarium, they are generally peaceful with tankmates too large to be eaten but due to their shy nature should not be kept with overly fast-moving or aggressive species.
The Silver Garra or Sucker Head (Garra cf. gotyla) is found in watersheds throughout India. A hardy, loosely schooling species, the Silver Garra makes an excellent algae eater and grazer but should be provided with a varied diet including plenty of protein. A social species, they will do best in groups of 3-5 or more.
A large growing schooling fish found in clear, fast-moving waters in Sabah, north Borneo, Hampala sabana is a predatory but relatively peaceful barb. In the aquarium, they make an excellent dither fish for other large predatory fish and will do best with some water movement and frequent large water changes. Like many larger barbs, they can be skittish and first and will do best in a group of 3-5 fish. Some cover in the form of driftwood or artificial plants (live ones will be eaten) will help them settle into the aquarium environment.
A rarely seen and beautifully marked species of halfbeak originating in Borneo, the Three Spot Forest Halfbeak (Hemirhamphodon kuekenthali) is unlike most of its relatives as it is found not in brackish water or estuarine areas but in soft, slow flowing streams inland. In the aquarium, this unique surface dwelling species makes an excellent tankmate for similar Southeast Asian blackwater fish like microrasboras, dwarf or chocolate gourami, and other species found in similar warm, acidic, shallow water habitat. This species does best in groups and in an aquarium approximating their wild habitat with tannin-rich water, moderate current, and plenty of surface cover in the form of floating vegetation or branching driftwood close to the water’s surface.
The Giant Sword Minnow (Macrochirichthys macrochirus) is an unusual predator found throughout Asia’s rivers and lakes where they will opportunistically move into floodplains in search of food. These fish are very flighty and easily startled. They should have a well sealing aquarium lid and plenty of space to swim freely. They are best kept in groups of 3 or more and are compatible with fish too large to be eaten.
The Longfin White Cloud Minnow (Tanichthys albonubes), is a selectively bred variant of the White Cloud Mountain Minnow. It is a temperate fish native to the rivers of China. Growing up to an inch and a half, this fish is a popular choice kept either on their own or in a community tank with similarly sized fish. The White Cloud Minnow will thrive best in groups of 5 or more. They are recognized for their shimmery bronze body with splashes of color throughout!
A rarely seen and beautifully marked species of halfbeak originating in Borneo, the Gold Spot Halfbeak (Hemirhamphodon chrysopunctatus) is unlike most of its relatives as it is found not in brackish water or estuarine areas but in soft, slow flowing streams inland. In the aquarium, this unique surface dwelling species makes an excellent tankmate for similar Southeast Asian blackwater fish like microrasboras, dwarf or chocolate gourami, and other species found in similar warm, acidic, shallow water habitat. This species does best in small groups and in an aquarium approximating their wild habitat with tannin-rich water, moderate current, and plenty of surface cover in the form of floating vegetation or branching driftwood close to the water’s surface.
A classic aquarium fish and one of the most popular species in the hobby, the Tiger Barb is an attractive, fast-moving schooling fish best kept in groups of 5 or more. They can be considered a semi-aggressive fish but typically if kept in a large enough group they will ignore other tankmates. A hardy and adaptable fish, the Tiger Barb makes an excellent addition to most medium to large community aquariums and a great dither fish for many Central and South American Cichlids. The “Green” variant is a selectively bred strain that displays a unique green body coloration instead of the typical black stripes.
An uncommonly imported species of halfbeak endemic to Lake Poso and its tributaries of Sulawesi, the Poso Halfbeak (Nomorhamphus celebensis) is typically peaceful and socialize in small aggregations. In the aquarium, this unique surface dwelling species makes for an interesting display fish and will feed on most prepared floating foods. They do best in small groups and in neutral or slightly alkaline water, some current, and plenty of surface cover in the form of floating vegetation or branching driftwood close to the water’s surface.
A beautifully patterned relative of the classic Zebra Danio, the Gold Ring Danio (Brachydanio tinwini) originates in shallow water habitat throughout Northern Myanmar. In the wild, they are found in medium to large schools in clear, fast moving water, typically near aquatic vegetation. In the aquarium, they are hardy and adaptable but prefer plenty of open swimming space and are an active schooler, most comfortable in groups of 5 or more. With their intricate patterns and vivid gold trim, the Gold Ring Danio is an impressive centerpiece for a planted or aquascaped tank.
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